Measures & money
Ephah
A biblical dry-volume measure used mainly for grain and flour.
Also called · epha
What it means
An ephah measured capacity rather than weight, so the weight of its contents depended on the material.
Biblical texts relate it to the omer and homer, though reconstructed liter values remain approximate.
How it appears in the Bible
Ruth gleaned about an ephah of barley, and Ezekiel calls for honest ephah and bath measures.
Translation note
Published estimates differ; it is often placed roughly around twenty liters.